Step 1: Divide the number into separate digits:
45034 => 4 5 0 3 4
Step 2: Calculate the distance between each digit and the next (the last digit with the first):
4 to 5 => 1
5 to 0 => 5
0 to 3 => 3
3 to 4 => 1
4 to 4 => 0
Step 3: Convert distances to codes (0=E[qual],
1 & 9 = C[onsecutive], 2-8 = N[one]):
1 => C
5 => N
3 => N
1 => C
0 => E
Step 4: Combine the filters to a string:
C N N C E = CNNCE