Step 1: Divide the number into separate digits:
0149 => 0 1 4 9
Step 2: Calculate the distance between each digit and the next (the last digit with the first):
0 to 1 = 1
1 to 4 = 3
4 to 9 = 5
9 to 0 = 9
Step 3: Combine the filters to a string:
1 3 5 9 = 1359