Step 1: Divide the number into separate digits:
58205 => 5 8 2 0 5
Step 2: Calculate the distance between each digit and the next (the last digit with the first):
5 to 8 => 3
8 to 2 => 6
2 to 0 => 2
0 to 5 => 5
5 to 5 => 0
Step 3: Convert distances to codes (0=E[qual],
1 & 9 = C[onsecutive], 2-8 = N[one]):
3 => N
6 => N
2 => N
5 => N
0 => E
Step 4: Combine the filters to a string:
N N N N E = NNNNE