Step 1: Divide the number into separate digits:
5614 => 5 6 1 4
Step 2: Calculate the distance between each digit and the next (the last digit with the first):
5 to 6 => 1
6 to 1 => 5
1 to 4 => 3
4 to 5 => 1
Step 3: Convert distances to codes (0=E[qual],
1 & 9 = C[onsecutive], 2-8 = N[one]):
1 => C
5 => N
3 => N
1 => C
Step 4: Combine the filters to a string:
C N N C = CNNC